Thyroid health plays a vital role in a woman’s reproductive system. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism, menstrual cycles, and overall hormonal balance. Any imbalance—whether hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)—can affect fertility and pregnancy outcomes.
Impact on Fertility
-
Irregular Menstrual Cycles: Thyroid hormone imbalance can disrupt ovulation, making it harder to conceive.
-
Hormonal Imbalance: Thyroid issues can affect estrogen and progesterone levels, both crucial for reproduction.
-
Reduced Ovarian Reserve: In some cases, untreated thyroid problems can lead to a decline in egg quality over time.
Impact on Pregnancy
-
Early Miscarriage Risk: Untreated hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism can increase the risk of miscarriage in early pregnancy.
-
Preterm Birth & Low Birth Weight: Thyroid disorders may affect fetal growth and development.
-
Developmental Concerns: Proper thyroid hormone levels are essential for the baby’s brain and nervous system development, especially in the first trimester.
Signs You Should Watch For
-
Unexplained weight changes
-
Fatigue and weakness
-
Hair thinning
-
Irregular periods or heavy bleeding
-
Difficulty conceiving
Diagnosis & Treatment
A simple blood test can detect thyroid hormone imbalance. With the right medication and regular monitoring, most women with thyroid disorders can have a healthy pregnancy.
Dr. Bharati Hiremath’s Advice
“Women planning pregnancy or facing difficulty conceiving should always get their thyroid function checked. Early detection and treatment can prevent complications and support a healthy pregnancy,” says Dr. Bharati Hiremath, gynecologist at Hiremath Hospital, Pimple Saudagar, PCMC.
