High-Risk Pregnancy/Miscarriage Management in Erandwane: Risk Factors
A pregnancy may be categorized as high risk for various reasons, including:
1. Age of the Mother:
– The age of the mother is a prevalent risk factor for high-risk pregnancies. Women in their late teens and early 30s face a higher risk of pregnancy complications, and this risk increases after the age of 40, leading to a higher likelihood of miscarriage and genetic disorders.
2. Pre-existing Medical Conditions:
- Conditions such as high blood pressure, heart, lung, or kidney disease, diabetes, autoimmune diseases, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), chronic infections like HIV, and a family history of genetic diseases can pose significant dangers to both the mother and the unborn child. It is crucial for women with pre-existing medical conditions to consult their doctors before attempting to conceive.
3. Medical Concerns Arising During Pregnancy:
- Various medical issues may arise during pregnancy, impacting the health of both the mother and the baby. Two common issues are:
- Preeclampsia: A syndrome causing high blood pressure, urine protein, and edema in the mother and baby. Timely treatment is crucial to prevent potentially fatal outcomes.
- Gestational Diabetes: Onset of diabetes during pregnancy, manageable with proper healthcare. Women with gestational diabetes have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
4. Obstacles to Pregnancy:
- Certain complications unrelated to the mother’s health can label a pregnancy as high risk, including:
- Premature Labor: Occurring before the 37th week of pregnancy, it is unpredictable but more likely in cases of certain illnesses, a shorter cervix, or a history of preterm birth.
- Multiple Pregnancies: Carrying more than one baby increases the risk of premature labor, gestational diabetes, and pregnancy-induced high blood pressure.
5. Placental Issues:
- Conditions like a low-lying placenta can cause bleeding, especially with activities like work, exercise, or travel. If the placenta covers the cervix around delivery time, a cesarean section may be recommended to prevent bleeding.
6. Foetal Issues:
- Ultrasound examinations may reveal structural foetal issues, occurring in about 2-3% of all newborns. Some may have a family history, while others can occur unexpectedly.
Preventing and Treating Pregnancy Complications:
- Even in the absence of health concerns, doctors often recommend preconception checkups to optimize health before pregnancy. Recommendations include:
- Taking at least 400 micrograms of folic acid daily
- Receiving necessary vaccines.
- Avoiding tobacco, alcohol, and narcotics (except as approved by a doctor).
- Regular prenatal visits to monitor and address potential issues.